高效沥青质沉积抑制剂的筛选评价

On Evaluating Effective Inhibitor for Asphaltene Deposition

原油中的沥青质、胶质等重有机质会在岩石和油管表面形成有机垢,给油田生产带来诸多麻烦,而预先注入化学抑制剂来保持沥青质稳定是一种有效的防沥青质沉积方法。通过沥青质溶液吸光度的变化对聚醚多元醇、烷基苯磺酸和阳离子表活剂等沥青质沉积抑制剂进行了评价。结果表明,抑制剂加量为250mg/L时,聚醚多元醇抑制剂JHIA1～4的抑制率均在50%以下,抑制效果不理想;烷基苯磺酸抑制剂JHIA5的抑制率在60%以上,抑制效果较好;而阳离子表活剂抑制剂JHIA6和JHIA7的抑制率均在75%以上,抑制效果显著。JHIA7在加量为300mg/L时,抑制率高达90%以上,且对于不同的稠油沥青质也有很好的抑制效果,说明具有强碱性的抑制剂抑制效果优于其他类型的抑制剂,并且随抑制剂加量的增大而增大。

The organic scales formed on the rock and tubing surface by the asphaltene and resin in the crude oil would result in a lot of problems in the oil production.Prior injection of the chemicals and maintaining the stability of asphaltene were an effective way to prevent the deposition of asphaltene.The inhibition efficiency of several chemicals,included polyether polyol(JHIA1-4),alkyl benzene sulphonate(JHIA5),and cationic surfactant(JHIA6 and JHIA7),was evaluated by measuring the change of the absorbance.All inhibition rates of JHIA1-4 were below 50% at the dosage of 250mg/L,which were not idealistic;the inhibition rate of JHIA5 was 61.34%,which was better than those of JHIA1-4;and the inhibition rates of JHIA6 and JHIA7 were both above 75%,which indicated the inhibition efficiency was notable.Moreover,the inhibition rate of JHIA7 was above 90% at the dosage of 300mg/L,and JHIA7 also had good efficiency to inhibit asphaltene deposition in different oil samples.According to the results of the study,the inhibitors with strong alkaline have better efficiency in maintaining the stability of asphaltene.In addition,the inhibition rates increase with the increase of injected quantity of inhibitors.