古代私人藏书楼的开放实践、思想与影响

The Characteristics and Impact of the Private Collection Opened to Public in Ancient China

私人藏书在保存和传播我国古代文化上具有重要地位,但长期以来,人们认可的中国的藏书观念是以藏为主、为藏而藏、藏而不用;谈论古代藏书楼也多批判其保守的一面,但我国古代也不乏开放型的藏书家,他们敞开门户、广招来学,把私人藏书从狭小的天地里解放出来。该文在汇总6个著名的开放的私人藏书楼的基础上,归纳这些藏书楼主人的"储书供众"、"传布为藏"、"流通开放"等开放思想。最后分析这类私人藏书楼致用开放的思想和行为对藏书家自己、

Private collection has important position in preservation and the propagation of ancient cul ture of our country. But for a long time, it is a common idea that the purpose of collection is mainly with depository but not with usage. The discussion on ancient private collection is also more criticizing rather than appraising. Base on the retrospection of six ancient private collectors who opened their collections to the public, this paper analyzes the ideology of storing books for people to use, storing books for knowledge spread, circulation and open, etc. In the end, the author summarizes the impact of opening to public on the owner of private collection, on the countryside culture and on the next generations.