人巨细胞病毒基因工程疫苗研究新进展

Recent progress in genetic engineering vaccines of human cytomegalovirus

人巨细胞病毒（human cytomegalovirus，HCMV）在人群中感染普遍，而HCMV感染是导致免疫抑制或免疫缺陷患者发病率和死亡率高的重要原因，也是目前胎儿出生缺陷的主要病因。因此，研制HCMV疫苗具有重要意义。研究发现，抗病毒体液免疫应答主要针对病毒包膜糖蛋白gB，而细胞免疫应答主要针对被膜蛋白pp65。以这些蛋白设计的候选基因工程疫苗，包括亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、病毒载体疫苗等，已得到了较广泛的临床研究。此文就上述疫苗的研究进展做一综述。

Human cytomegalovirus （HCMV） is ubiquitous in all populations. HCMV infection might cause high morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressive or immunodeficiency patients and is the main reason of fetal birth defects. Development of HCMV vaccines is important, but so far there have been no vaccines approved for sale. The researchers found that the viral glycoprotein gB and membrane protein pp65 could induce antiviral humoral and cellular immune responses, respectively. The genetic engineering vaccines based on these proteins, including subunit vaccines, DNA vaccines and virus vector vaccines, have been studied widely in clinical trials. This review describes the research progress of the above-mentioned vaccines.