从《职业展望手册》看美国风景园林师的职业发展现状

Current Situation Analysis of Landscape Architects in the United States through the Occupational Outlook Handbook

美国风景园林师在土地资源利用以及自然和文化景观的规划、设计、保护与管理等方面发挥着重要的作用,他们与其他相关职业人员合作,为社会大众创造出了优美、健康而舒适的工作与生活环境。通过对1996-1997年至2010-2011年以来《职业展望手册》的分析,探寻该职业的发展与变化情况。具体分析的内容包括职业的工作性质与领域、就业的方式与条件、职业准入条件与教育、职业规模与薪酬等方面,并由此提出对我国风景园林师职业发展的几点启示。

Landscape architects in the United States play important roles in plan,design,protection and management for land use and landscape both of natural and cultural ones.Cooperating with other related professionals,they together create beautiful,healthy and comfortable environment for Americans＇ working and living.The paper presents the result of study by analyzing the Occupational Outlook Handbook from the 1996-1997 to 2010-2011 editions.The study in details focuses on the nature and fields of landscape architects＇ job in the United States,qualification and training and education,and employment and earning as well.Based on these,it points out some inspirations for the professional development of Chinese landscape architects by this study.