多级孔炭电极材料的制备及其性能研究

Preparation of porous carbon electrode materials and its electrochemical capacitive performances

以聚醚F127、间苯三酚和甲醛为原料,采用KOH活化法制备出具有介孔、微孔的多级孔炭材料,利用BET、XRD、SEM对样品的组成和结构进行了表征。结果表明:随着升温速率的增加和炭化时间的减少,介孔炭材料的比表面积、孔容以及介孔表面积先增大后减小。10℃/min条件下可获得最优性能的介孔炭,其介孔表面积为324.47m2.g-1,孔容为0.68cm3.g-1,平均孔径为8.44nm。活化剂与介孔炭的比例为4:1时制备出的多级孔炭材料的介孔表面积为682.16m2.g-1,总孔容为0.94cm3.g-1,平均孔径为4.70nm,且孔径主要集中在0～20nm,多级孔炭电极在海水中的比电容最高为242.37F.g-1,显著优于其它类的电极材料。是一种很有应用潜力的电容吸附电极材料。

Employing polyether F127, phloroglucin and formaldehyde , a novel micro-meso porous carbon （PC） was prepared by KOH activation approach. The characterizations of samples were carried out by TG-DTA, BET, XRD and SEM. The results showed that the specific surface area, pore volume and mesoporous surface area of mesoporous car- bon（MC） increased at beginning and then decreased with the increase of heating rate and the decrease of carbonization time. When the heating rate was 10~C/min, the largest mesoporous surface area and pore volume of mesoporous carbons can be prepared, which possessed 324.47 m2· g 1 specific surface area and 0. 68 cm2· g-lpore volume and 8. 44nm average pore size. When the ratio of KOH to mesoporous carbon was 4 ： 1, the mesoporous specific surface area reached 682. 16 m2·g-1 and the pore volume of 0.94 cm3· g 1, the average pore size was 4. 70nm and the range of pore sizes mainly was between 0 nm and 20 nm. The capacitance of porous carbon electrodes was up to242.37 F · g-1 at a scan rate of 10 mv·S-1 in seawater, which was superior to other electrode materials. So the porous carbon was a very promising capacitor electrode material.