我国VOC类有毒空气污染物优先控制对策探讨

Countermeasures for Priority Control of Toxic VOC Pollution

VOC污染日趋严重,不仅影响环境空气质量,也能直接损害人体健康,我国亟待完善控制对策.研究了美国有毒空气污染物(HAPs)控制体系,针对我国环境管理的特点,提出VOC类有毒空气污染物优先控制对策,供有关部门参考.美国通过清洁空气法案确定有毒空气污染物重点控制名单,采取区域管理和行业重点源控制促其削减,VOC类化合物是城市地区重点控制对象.我国VOC管理和技术基础相对薄弱,应筛选部分污染物进行优先控制,针对这类污染物组分复杂、行业分布广、区域性和过程性强等特点,逐步开展区域污染调查评估,加强累积性风险评估和环境影响后评价管理,抓好突发事件风险防范.

VOC pollution is worsening,not only affects the environment,air quality,but also directly harm human health,and Chinese relevant departments need to improve control measures.U.S.toxic air pollutants（HAPs） control system was studied,and Chinese environment countermeasures were proposed based on pollution features.U.S.recognized sources of hazardous air pollutants in the Clean Air Act（CAA）,and reduced their emissions by industrial regulations and regional policies.In urban areas,VOC occupied a great part of toxic air and were controlled as a major project in U.S.Due to relatively weak management and technical base,China should screen some VOC components for priority pollutant control.The feature of Chinese VOC pollution was described as complex components,industry sources widely distributed,strong regional characteristics and processes,and gradual development of regional pollution.It was suggested to carry out investigation assessment activities,enhance cumulative risk assessment and environmental impact assessment management,and strengthen emergency risk prevention.