“弱依随性”概念辨析——兼与陈晓平教授商谈讨论

An Analysis of the Concept of "Weak Supervenience"——Consultation with Professor Chen

文章对科学哲学和心灵哲学的一个重要概念,即依随性概念进行分析。指出依随性概念具有"不可分辨性"、"非对称性"、"多重实现性"、和"不可推出性"等四个特征,它们是彼此独立的、相容的和基本完备的。金在权的依随性定义未能完全反映出这四大特征。对依随性进行强与弱的分析是有必要的,但金在权强依随观有关依随性与依随基之间的最大性质共外延和布尔封闭的公式带有强烈的还原论色彩,笔者主张弱依随性并将这种观点运用于分析突现层级之间的关系。笔者还就陈晓平教授对金在权的修正、依随性的意义底线和强弱合一依随观等问题进行商谈讨论。

Supervenience is an important concept in philosophy of science and philosophy of mind. Supervenience can be captured by four characteristics of supervenient property related to their subvening properties：indiscernibili- ty, asymmetry, muh - realization and non - entailment. The four principles of supervenience are independent and consistent with each other. Kim＇ s definition of strong supervenience had not represented these four principle com- pletely. My approach is some kind of weak supervenience and from these points of view I understand the relationship of inter - levels in nature. On the other hand the paper discusses some problems with professor Chen, such as how to revise some of Jaegwon Kim＇ s formulas, how to understand the domain of discourse in supervenient and how we can eliminate the distinction between weak and strong supervenience and so on.