华莱士与达尔文的分歧

Disagreements Between A.R.Wallace and C.R.Darwin

华莱士与达尔文在性别二态性、杂交与杂种不育及人类的起源问题上存有分歧:达尔文采取多元论,在自然选择学说中引入性选择与相关律的解释,华莱士则坚持适应主义的自然选择一元论,但在人类进化问题上引入了唯灵论的超自然解释。分歧反映出达尔文主义在"非达尔文革命"中的困境:遗传学的不足与进步主义的盛行使神学进化论与科学进化论妥协的可能依然存在。

There were once three disagreements over natural selection between A. R. Wallace and C. R. Darwin： the origin of sexual dimorphism, the origin of cross and hybrid sterility and the origin of man. While Darwin defen- ded a more pluralist position and resorted to sexual selection and the laws of correlation, Wallace adopted a more strict adaptationism but introduced supernaturalism into his evolutionism. These differences reflect that the theory of natural selection was in difficult situation during ＂non - Darwinian revolution＂ ： hereditism was so weak and progres- sionism was so popular that it is possible for theistic evolutionism and scientific evolutionism to compromise with each other.