中国近代早期改良思想家的理论创新

On the Theoretical Innovation of the Early Reformist Thinkers during China Modern Period

早期改良思想家在晚清万马齐喑的氛围里,提出了众多创新理论:一、化"天下"观念为全球意识,以西方文明为改良范型;二、"国强基于国富,国富唯赖行商";三、"惟有利而后能知义,亦惟有义而后可以获利";四、"致富勿愚民,广学开其智";五、倡立议院政治,恃为富强之本;六、穷变通久而道器兼备,道非即通则假器以通。推究上述观念之成因,这与早期改良思想家不仅受经世思潮的鼓荡、通商口岸的影响,而且得益于洋务运动的启迪,同时也与他们多有涉外经历和特殊阅历密切相关。

he early reformist thinkers proposed many reformation views in the late Qing period as following： Firstly, to transform the idea of ＂Tianxia＂ to the global consciousness by regarding the western civilization as the model; Secondly, to develop commerce to strengthen the country ; Thirdly, Rightness - Profit Unity ; Fourthly, to develop education ; Fifthly, to advocate the western Parliamentary politics; Sixthly, to improve political system and ideals. These ideas were not only influenced by the enlightenment of the Westernization Movement but also resulted from the reformist thinkers＇foreign experience.