甲流期间医护人员的认知、心理状态回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis on Cognition for Influenza A and Psychological Status of Medical Staffs during the Epidemic of Influenza A(H1N1)

目的回顾性分析甲流期间高危医护人员对甲流的认知及心理状态,探讨其影响因素。方法采用自制调查问卷,动态观察143名抗甲流医护人员甲流认知和心理状态,并以普通病房41名医护人员为对照,Logistic回归分析相关因素。结果高危组甲流认知评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。认知随疫情发展呈持续改善趋势,受培训次数、高危程度、职业、年龄、子女情况5个因素影响(OR>1)。高危组心理异常重于对照(P<0.05),发热门诊最明显,主要表现为情绪和睡眠障碍,与认知水平、性别负相关(OR<1),与高危程度、疫情发展正相关(OR>1)。结论高危医护人员具有较高甲流认知水平,存在一定程度心理障碍,需要根据疫情变化和人员特征,给予针对性培训和心理干预。

Objective To analyze retrospectively cognition for Influenza A（H1N1） and psychological status of medical staffs in high-risk during Influenza A,and explore their affecting factors.Methods With self-designed questionnaire,cognition for Influenza A and psychological status of 143 medical staffs fighting against Influenza A were investigated dynamically,and compared with 41 medical staffs of general ward.Logistic regression was used to analyse their affecting factors.Results Cognition scores of high-risk groups were higher than those of control significantly（P0.05）.Cognition for Influenza A of high-risk groups improved continuously with development of the epidemic,and was affected by 5 factors such as education times,the extent of high-risk,occupation,age and children（OR1）.There were more serious psychological abnormalities in high-risk groups than control（P0.05）with fever clinics most obvious.These abnormalities were manifested by disorders of mood and sleep mainly,related negatively to cognition and gender（OR1）,and correlated positively with dangerous degree,development of epidemic（OR1）.Conclusion Medical staffs in high-risk showed a higher level of cognition for Influenza A and a certain degree of psychological abnormalities at the same time.It was necessary to give medical staffs pointed training and psychological Intervention according to changes of the epidemic and characteristics of personnel.