后苏联时期文学批评现象刍议

Literary Criticism in the Post-Soviet Union Era

俄罗斯文学创作在苏联解体后20年间,发生了翻天覆地的变化。文学创作实践是文学批评的源头与对象,在文学创作本身转型变化的过程中,文学评论何以自处,它扮演着怎样的角色,无疑是十分引人关注的问题。我们认为,后苏联时期文学批评主要有以下几个特点:1)这一时期文学批评高度自觉;2)批评家的队伍更加壮大,成员组成也更加复杂;3)这是文学批评的争鸣和对话时期;4)文学批评发表园地发生变化并出现市场化倾向。总之,后苏联时期是文学批评相当繁荣的时期。

Given the dramatic change in Russian literature after the fall of the Soviet Union,the function and the role of literary criticism in the post-Soviet era have drawn much attention from Russian critics.The flourishing of Russian literary criticism in the post-Soviet era can be approached through the following aspects： the strong critical self-awareness,the diversity among critics,critical controversies and dialogues,as well as the growing market orientation of literary criticism.