不同玉米品种的生物性状及光合特性研究

Study on Biological Properties and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Maize Varieties in Arid Regions of Central Ningxia

在宁夏中部干旱带同心县下马关镇五里墩村,对引进的12个玉米品种的株高、茎粗、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、行数、行粒数、千粒重、产量等生物学指标进行比较研究,结果表明:强盛12号、长城799、先锋335、郑单14号的生物学性状表现较好,产量在5 250 kg/hm2以上,显著高于其他品种;各玉米品种的光合特性测定结果表明:强盛12号、长城799、先锋335、郑单14号等品种的光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度的日变化均值分别大于18μmol/(m2.s)、4.5 mmol/(m2.s)和165mmol/(m2.s),表现出较好的光合特性。可见,强盛12号、长城799、先锋335、郑单14号适合在宁夏中部干旱带种植。

The study was carried out to compare 12 maize varieties and determine the biology indexes of plant height,spear thickness,ear position,ear length,ear thickness,number of rows,kernel row number,1 000-grain weight and yields in arid regions of central Ningxia,Wulidun Village,Xiamaguan Town,Tongxin County,Ningxia Province.The results showed that the biological properties of Qangsheng 12,Changcheng 799,Xianfeng 335 and Zhengdan 14 were better than others,their yields were above 5 250 kg/hm2,higher than that of others significantly.The measured results of photosynthetic characteristics indicated that the diurnal change average values of photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of Qangsheng 12,Changcheng 799,Xianfeng 335 and Zhengdan 14 exceeded 18 μmol/（m2·s）,4.5 mmol/（m2·s） and 165 mmol/（m2·s） respectively,which had good photosynthetic characteristics.As a result,Qangsheng 12,Changcheng 799,Xianfeng 335 and Zhengdan 14 were suitable to be planted in arid regions of central Ningxia.