吉林省典型工农业地区多介质样品中有机氯农药和多氯联苯分布特征

Distribution of OCPs and PCBs in Multi-medium Environmental Samples from Typical Industrial and Agricultural Areas in Jilin Province, China

采用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器分析了吉林省典型工农业地区表层土壤、水稻、玉米及稻田水样品中包括HCHs、DDTs在内的有机氯农药(OCPs)和7种多氯联苯(PCBs)指示性单体的含量。结果表明,表层土壤中OCPs(HCHs+DDTs)平均含量排序为梅河口夏季(98.9ng·g-1)>长春市(81.2ng·g-1)>吉林市(72.6ng·g-1)>梅河口秋季(25.2ng·g-1),PCBs排序为梅河口夏季(98.7ng·g-1)>长春市(平均61.0ng·g-1)>吉林市(50.3ng·g-1)>梅河口秋季(27.1ng·g-1),梅河口土壤中PCBs异构体中以PCB28和PCB52为主;DDTs含量较高的地区为吉林市和长春市,其旱地土壤有利于DDTs的残留;所有水稻籽粒样品中均检出了HCHs和DDTs残留,水稻和玉米中HCH和DDTs的残留均低于国家食品卫生标准的限值,水稻秧苗和玉米秆茎样品中∑7PCBs含量都分别高于水稻和玉米籽粒样品中∑7PCBs含量;水稻田水中OCPs含量都低于国家地表水质标准限值。

Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides（OCPs） and seven PCB isomers in multi-medium environmental samples including soil, rice, corn, and paddy field water from typical industrial and agricultural areas in Jinlin Province were analyzed by GC-ECD method. The average concentrations of OCPs were in the order of Meihekou summer（98.9 ng·g-1）Changchun（81.2 ng·g-1）Jilin（72.6 ng·g-1）Meihekou autumn（27.1 ng·g-1）. The average concentrations of PCBs（∑7PCBs） were in the order of Meihekou summer（98.7 ng·g-1）Changchun（61.0 ng·g-1） Jilin（50.3 ng·g-1）Meihekou autumn（27.1 ng·g-1）. PCBs isomers were dominated by PCB28 and PCB52. Higher DDTs were found in Changchun and Jilin cities where dry field could well preserve DDTs from degradation. HCHs and DDTs were detected in all of the rice seed samples, but the concentrations all met the National Food Quality Standard. The ∑7PCBs in rice and corn stems were two-fold higher than those in their seeds, respectively. OCPs in the water samples from paddy fields all met the National Water Quality Standard for surface waters.