否定词与“了”共现结构的汉韩对比研究

A Contrastive Study on the Co-occurrence of Negative Words and "Le" in Chinese and Korean

汉语动词按时间特征可分为持续性动词和非持续性动词,在句法平面,否定词与＂了＂共现的格式对汉语动词具有选择性：持续类动词可以无条件进入,非持续动词必须有条件地进入。同时,汉语的＂不……了＂和＂没有……了＂与韩语的＂…■…■＂＂…■…＂对应也较工整。语用平面中,汉语否定形式基本不受语境的干扰,而韩语则有时要通过产生新的否定方式来满足语境变化的需求。

Chinese verbs can be divided into continuous and non-continuous verbs in terms of time.At the syntactic level,the structure of co-occurrence of negative words and ＂Le（了）＂ is selective： Continuous verbs can be used unconditionally;non-continuous verbs must be used conditionally.Chinese ＂not…le＂ and ＂no…le＂ structures and Korean ＂…■…■＂＂…■…＂structures are also quite similar.At the pragmatic level,Chinese negative forms usually are not confined to the context,but in the Korean language such forms may change with the changing context.