无土栽培设施在农村平房顶上的应用模式研究

The Application Mode of Soilless Culture Facilities in the Top of Rural Cottages

研究将温室建筑技术、房屋建筑技术和无土栽培技术相结合,设计出一种用于平房顶上进行无土化快速栽培芽苗菜、药用植物及花卉等的装置,装置采用小型家用太阳能电池组件和节能灯的照明系统,可节省土地、节能环保,具有进行芽苗菜、药用植物及花卉等的快速立体种植的功能。研究从原材料使用、设计思路、工艺工序、利用价值及应用推广前景等方面进行阐述,构建一种双层立体结构设计的拱形大棚,解决农村及城市周边平顶房屋闲置的问题。该装置的应用推广,充分利用农村及周边闲置平房顶资源和太阳能,既缓解土地资源利用的压力,又践行节约集约用地的理念,达到低碳、节能、环保的目的。该装置的使用还实现蔬菜等的全年种植,缩短其生长周期,提高劳动生产率,显著提高农村及城市周边大量闲置平顶房屋的应用价值和经济效益。

The author designed a new device for growing vegetable sprouts and ornamental plants by combining greenhouse design and soil-less cultivation technology together with houses construction,aiming at saving arable land and energy by rapidly producing sprouts or flowers through vertical cultivation by installing the new device on the roof-top of houses in rural areas.Taking into consideration of design ideas,technological process,and the selection of raw materials,along with their practical value and future prospects,the author construct a double-layered,vertically cultivated vaulting greenhouse.As a result,the use of soil-less cultivation techniques on the roofs of houses in the Chinese countryside shows promise as a potential solution to deal with the shortage of arable land.This new cultivation technique may be more effective in promoting agricultural productivity and sustainable development of the economy and society since it can take full advantage of available resources in order to achieve a more economical and intensive use of land.There are three major benefits with roof-top agriculture：First,by using greenhouses located on the tops of roofs,a grower can maximize his utilization of sunlight.Second,roof-top agriculture doesn＇t require any additional arable land.Third,the vegetables can be planted all year-round.The life circle of crops was shortened and productivity was promoted.The application of the technology will significantly increase economic efficiency and practical value of the idle roof-tops of houses in rural and suburban areas.