口服避孕药与育龄妇女子宫肌瘤发病风险的病例对照研究

Case-control Study on the Relationship Between Oral Contraceptives and the Risk of Uterine Leiomyomata

目的：评价育龄妇女使用口服避孕药（OC）与子宫肌瘤发病风险的关系。方法：采用病例对照研究方法,对513例确诊为子宫肌瘤现患病例,按照1∶1比例匹配对照,使用统一的问卷、健康检查表进行调查,分析子宫肌瘤发生风险的影响因素。结果：与从未使用OC者比较,当前使用OC的育龄妇女发生子宫肌瘤的风险略有升高（调整OR=1.80,95%CI：1.19~2.71）;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,妇女子宫肌瘤发生风险升高的主要因素有当前使用OC（OR=1.73,95%CI：1.13~2.65）、体质量指数≥25 kg/m（2OR=1.35,95%CI：1.02~1.78）。结论：当前使用OC、体质量指数≥25 kg/m2可能升高育龄妇女子宫肌瘤的发生风险,影响妇女子宫肌瘤的其他危险因素尚需进一步探讨。

Objective： To evaluate the relationship between oral contraceptives（OC） and the risk of uterine leiomyomata（UL） among fertile women.Methods： A case-control study was carried out,to investigate 513 UL cases and the matched controls by the unified questionnaire and health examination tables.Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors of UL.Results： Comparison with OC never-using women,OC current-using women had the significantly increased risk of UL（adjusted OR=1.80,95% CI： 1.19~2.71）,OC former-using women had the increased risk of UL（adjusted OR=1.27,95% CI： 0.95-1.70）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factors of UL included OC current-using（OR=1.73,95% CI：1.13~2.65） and body mass index（BMI） more than 25 kg/m2（OR=1.35,95% CI：1.02~1.78）.Conclusions： The risk of UL slightly increased among reproductive-age-women with BMI≥25 kg/m2 and OC current-using.Other potential risk factors need to be evaluated in further studies.