中国高校教师聘任制改革的历史沿革与实践困惑

Historical Evolution of Teacher Employment System in Chinese Universities and the Perplexity in Practice

建立和完善教师聘任制是建立现代大学制度的重要条件。中国高校教师聘任制度始于清末,1986年,中央正式决定改革过去的职称评审制度,实行专业技术职务聘任制。然而改革至今历时二十余年,仍在艰难推行中。改革之艰难,根本原因在于高校自身无法解决的一些根本性问题,也就是外部环境不配套造成的。因此,只有具备良好的外部条件保障,聘任制才能长效运行并发挥应有的作用。

The establishment and improvement of teacher employment system is an important condition for the establishment of modern university system.Teacher employment system in Chinese university started at the end of Qing Dynasty.In 1986,the central government decided to reform the appraisal system of professional title and implement employment system of technical post.However,more than 20 years has passed,the reform is still progressing with difficulties.The writer of this paper finds that the basic causes for the reform lies in some fundamental problems that universities cannot solve by themselves because the problems are not matched with the outer environment.Therefore,only with the insurance of good outer conditions can the employment system be effective in the long run and play its proper role.