4Yamaguchi K, Katayama H, Takashima T, et al. Prediction of severe adverse reactions to ionic and nonionic contrast media in Japan: evaluation of pretesting. A report from the Japanese Committee on the Safety of Contrast Media. Radiology, 1991, 178:363-367.
5Widmark JM. Imaging-related medications: a class overview. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent), 2007, 20:408-417.
6Thomsen HS, Morcos SK. Contrast-medium-induced nephropathy: is there a new consensus? A review of published guidelines. Eur Badiol, 2006,16:1835-1840.
7Al Ghonaim M, Pannu N. Prevention and treatment of contrastinduced nephropathy. Tech Vase lnterv Radiol, 2006, 9:42-49.
8McCullough PA, Adam A, Becker CR, et al. Epidemiology and prognostic implications of contrast-induced nephropathy. Am J Cardiol, 2006, 98 :SK-13K.
9McCuUough P. Outcomes of contrast-induced nephropathy: experience in patientsundergoing cardiovascular intervention. Catheter Cardiovasc lnterv, 2006, 67:335-343.
10Pannu N, Wiebe N, Tonelli M. Prophylaxis strategies for contrastinduced nephropathy..lAMA, 2006, 295:2765-2779.
2Llach F,Papper S,Massry SG. The clinical spectrum of renal vein thrombosis., acute and chronic[J]. Am J Med, 1980,69 (6) : 819- 827.
3Cherng SC, Huang WS, Wang YF, et al. The role of lung scintig- raphy in the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome with pulmonary em- bolism[J]. Clin Nucl Med,2000,25(3) : 167-172.
4Singhal R,Brimble KS. Thromboembolic complications in the ne- phrotic syndrome: pathophysiology and clinical management[J]. Thromb Res, 2006,118(3) : 397-407.
5Orth SR, Ritz E. The nephrotic syndrome[J] N Engl J Med, 1998,338(17) : 1202-1211.
6Kayali F, Najjar R, Aswad F, et al. Venous thromboembolism in patients hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome [J]. Am J Med,2008,121(3):226-230.
7Remy-Jardin M, Pistolesi M, Goodman LR, et al. Management of suspected acute pulmonary embolism in the era of CT angiogra- phy a statement from the fleisehner society[J]. Radiology, 2007, 245(2) :315-329.
8Zhang LJ, Zhao YE,Wu SY, et al. Detection of pulmonary embo- lism by dual energy CT:an experimental study in rabbits[J]. Ra- diology, 2009,252(1) : 61-70.
9Llach F. Hypercoaguability, renal vein thrombosis, and other thrombotic complications of nephrotic syndrome[J]. Kidney Int, 1985,28(3) :429-439.