亚里士多德《雅典政制》汉译举误

Some mistranslations in the Chinese versions of Aristotelian Athēnaiōn Politeia

亚里士多德的《雅典政制》是研究古希腊政治史的重要史料。主要的汉译本有两种,其中商务印书馆出版的译本在学术界影响较大。两个译本都存在多处翻译问题。本文以商务印务馆出版的译本为对象,摘其要者36处从古希腊文原文出发一一辨析,并引后者加以对照。本文的举误以指出字句上的误译为主,间或考证史实说明文意,这方面主要建立在西方学者研究成果的基础上,有些地方提出了自己的见解。

Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia is one of the important sources for studying ancient Greek politics. There are two main Chinese versions translated by Rizhi and Liye, Yanyi respectively. The former exerted a bigger academic influence than the latter did. Both versions made many mistranslations. This essay chooses 36 of them and analyzes from the original text. The ana- lyses are against the former version and quote the counterparts of the latter as comparisons. The essay is mainly concerned with the misunderstandings about words and sentences structure, however, based chiefly on the research of western scholars, exempli- fied with historical evidences when necessary. The author makes his own judgments on several occasions as well.