云南怒江河谷栗喉蜂虎营巢地特征

Nest-site Characteristics of Blue Tailed Bee-eaters of Nujiang Valley in Yunnan

2010年4～5月,对云南省保山市怒江河谷栗喉蜂虎营巢地进行了调查。共调查营巢地18个。对巢洞深度、断崖面积、巢区面积、坡度、裸露度、断崖与水域及公路的直线距离、巢区最上巢与崖顶距离、最下巢与地面距离、海拔、坡向等11个生态因子进行了测量。通过访谈法对营巢地所在断崖的形成年限进行了调查。此外还收集巢区和非巢区土壤18份,在实验室用沉淀法测量巢区和非巢区土质含沙量。结果表明,影响栗喉蜂虎营巢地选择的主要因子依次为巢区沙土含沙量、断崖新旧、巢区面积、裸露度、最下巢与地面距离、坡度。在营巢地选择时,栗喉蜂虎主要考虑掘巢难易程度和防御天敌等方面的因素。

Nest-sites of blue tailed bee-eaters,Merops philippinus,were investigated at Nujiang valley in Yunnan province from April to May,2010.Totally eighteen nest-sites were found in the field.Eleven ecological factors were measured,including depth of nest hole,area of cliff and nesting,gradient,bare degree,distance to water and road,distance to precipice and ground,altitude,direction.We have interviewed local people to study the form-year of the cliffs,measured the proportion of sandy soil in laboratory.The result showed that the key factors of affecting nest-site selection of blue tailed bee-eaters include sediment concentration of nesting ground,form-year of cliffs,area of nesting ground,bare degrees of cliffs,distance between base nest-site and ground,slope of cliffs.Factor choice mainly concerned with difficulties of nesting and defense of predators.