血雉卵的人工孵化

Artificial Incubation of Blood Pheasant

2008～2010年,北京动物园在陕西洋县长青自然保护区采集血雉卵进行人工孵化研究。卵的保存及运输期为5～7d,卵保存温度17.14～18.66℃,湿度73.5%～87.1%,卵使用防震运输箱经34h运输后入孵,运输过程温度在16.38～25.95℃之间。孵化前使用碘氟稀释液擦拭卵表面。35枚受精卵中,19枚使用3台孵化机孵化,孵化温度37.4～37.5℃,使用14%～33%、40%～45%和60%～70%3个湿度梯度孵化;16枚卵使用乌鸡代亲孵化,袖珍温度记录仪测量乌鸡孵化温度在34.81～39.18℃之间,孵化环境湿度为23.4%～72.4%。记录孵化过程中的卵重量变化和孵化期。结果表明:研究期间血雉卵平均孵化率为76.5%,其中机器孵化率为84.2%,代亲孵化率为68.8%;平均孵化期为27d11h;卵失重率11.23%～16.54%,平均为13.77%±1.51%。

35 blood pheasant eggs which were collected in Changqing National Nature Reserve of Shaanxi province were incubated artificially in Beijing Zoo from 2008 to 2010.The eggs were kept in the locality for 5 or 7 days and then transported using a special box to Beijing Zoo.The temperature and humidity of keeping eggs was 17.14~18.66℃ and 73.5%~87.1%.After 34 hours＇ transportation,the eggs were hatched immediately in Beijing Zoo,the range of transportation of temperature was 16.38~25.95℃.The eggs were wiped by diluent of iodophor before hatched.19 eggs were put into three incubators under the temperature of 37.4~37.5℃,three different humidity gradient in incubator：14%~33%,40%~45%,and 60%~70%.16 eggs were hatched by broody hens,temperature of hatching under the broody was 34.81~39.18℃,which was measured by pocket temperature recorder,while broody were hatching,and the humidity of environment was 23.4%~72.4%.Weight loss of eggs and incubation period were recorded.The average rate of hatchability was 76.5% during three years of research,incubator and broody hen rate of hatchability was 84.2% and 68.8% respectively.The result demonstrated that the average incubation period was 27 days and 11 hours,average weight loss was 13.77%±1.51%,range of weight loss was from 11.23% to 16.54%.