1Fawcett JP, Kennedy JM, Kumar A, et al. Comparative efficacyand pharmacokinetics of racemic bupivacaine and S - bupivacaine in third molar surgery [J]. J Pharm Pharm Sei, 2002, 5 (2) : 199-204.
2E1 - Sharrawy E, Yagiela JA. Anesthetic efficacy of different ropivacaine concent rations for inferior alveolar nerve block [ J ]. Anesth Prog, 2006, 53 (1): 3-7.
3Pogrel MA, Thamby S. Permanent nerve involvement resulting from infe- rior alveolar nerve blocks [J]. J Am Dent Assoc, 2000, 131 : 901 - 907.
4Yagiela JA, Dowd FJ, Neidle EA. Pharmacology and Therapeutics for Dentist ry [M]. 5th ed. New York: Elsevier Mosby Co, 2004:324 - 326.
5Perrott DA, Goodenough B, Champion GD. Children' s ratings of the intensity and unpleasantness of post - operative pain using facial expres- sion scales [ J]. Eur J Pain, 2004, 8 : 119 - 127.
6Rosenberg ES. A computer - cont rolled anesthetic delivery systemin a periodontal practice: patient satis faction and acceptance [J]. J Esther Restor Dent, 2002, 14: 39-46.
2Fawcett JP, Kennedy JM, Kumar A, et al. Comparative efficacyand pharmacokinetics of racemic bupivacaine and S- bupivacainein third molar surgery[J]. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2002,5(2) : 199 - 204.
3El - Sharrawy E, Yagiela JA. Anesthetic efficacy of different ropivacaine concentrations for inferior alveolar nerve block[J ]. Anesth Prog,2006,53(1):3 -7.
4Pogrel MA, Thamby S. Permanent nerve involvement resulting from inferior alveolar nerve blocks [ J ]. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000, 131 : 901 - 907.
5Yagiela JA, Dowd FJ, Neidte EA. Pharmacology and Therapeutics for Dentistry[M]. 5th ed. New York, NY: Elsevier Moshy Co; 2004: 324 - 326.
6Perrott DA, Goodenough B, Champion GD. Children's ratings of the intensity and unpleasantness of post - operative pain using facial expression scales [ J ]. Eur J Pain. 2004; 8 : 119 - 127.
7Rosenberg ES. A computer - controlled anesthetic delivery system in a periodontal practice: patient satisfaction and acceptance[J]. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2002 ; 14 : 39 - 46.
8Renton T, Smeeton N, McGurk M. Factors predictive of difficulty of mandibular third molar surgery[ J ]. Br Dent J. 2001,190 ( 11 ) : 607 - 610.
9Kohler BR, Castello n L, Laissle G. Cow- Gates technique: a pilot study for extraction procedures with clinical evaluation and review [J]. Anesth Prog,2008,55(1) :2 - 8.
10Johnson TM,Badovinac R, Shaefer J. Teaching alternatives to the standard inferior alveolar nerve block in dental education: outcomes in clinical practice[J ]. J Dent Educ, 2007,71 (9) : 1145 - 1152.
