人际关系影响竞争情境下结果评价的ERP证据

Influence of Interpersonal Relationship on Outcome Evaluation in Competitive Situations:an ERP Study

为了研究竞争情境下人际关系影响结果评价的认知神经机制,记录16名健康成人进行扑克大小游戏时的脑电波,分析被试与朋友以及与陌生人竞争时输赢反馈的ERP.在竞争情境下,人际关系对与结果评价有关的反馈负波(FRN)和P300两个成分都有影响.和朋友竞争的FRN波幅比和陌生人竞争的FRN波幅大,表明FRN除了反映对结果输赢的快速评价,还可能反映了由竞争所引起的认知冲突,和朋友竞争引发更大的认知冲突.和陌生人竞争的P300波幅比和朋友竞争的P300波幅大,表明P300可能反映了一种晚期和社会性注意分配以及动机/情感有关的自上而下的结果评价过程.

Previous studies employing monetary gambling tasks have demonstrated that the brain potentials were different between observing a friend and a stranger＇s gain or loss.However,it is still unclear whether the outcome evaluation process is different while the participants are directly competing with a friend or stranger.Brain event-related potentials（ERPs） were recorded while 16 normal adults were playing an interactive gambling task with his/her friend and a stranger.The results revealed that under the competitive situation,the interpersonal relationship modulated two ERP components that were related to outcome evaluation--the feedback-related negativity（FRN） and P300.Losses evoked greater FRN than gains,and competing with friends evoked greater FRN amplitudes than competing with strangers.The results demonstrate that the FRN might not only reflect rapid processing of monetary gains and losses,but also reflect the conflict monitoring,as competing with friends induced higher levels of conflict.In addition,P300 was greater after gains than after losses,and was greater when competing with strangers than with friends.The results suggest that P300 reflects the later stage of evaluation processes which are related to social attentional allocation and high-level motivational/affective evaluations.