二甲基乙酰胺对工人健康的影响

The impact of N, N-dimethylacetamide on the health of workers

目的探讨二甲基乙酰胺（DMAC）肝脏毒性的特点及其接触指标。方法采用分层抽样法选择145名研究对象，对研究对象进行问卷调查和健康检查等，并进行工作场所空气监测，同时采集研究对象每天的班末尿样或者工作周周末班末尿样，并对工作场所空气中DMAC浓度、尿中甲基乙酰胺（NMAC）进行相关回归分析。结果卷绕岗位空气中DMAC浓度较高，其他岗位工作场所空气中浓度较低；肝功能异常18例，检出率为12．4％，11例（61．1％）发生在接触DMAC第1年内，且主要集中在卷绕岗位；尿中NMAC浓度与空气中DMAC浓度相关（r＝0．44，P〈0．01）。结论DMAC短期接触即可造成工人肝功能异常，尿中NMAC可作为DMAC的接触指标。

Objective To explore the hepatic toxicity and the exposure biomarkers of N, N- Dimethylacetamide. Methods One hundred forty five objects were chosen by stratified random sampling method. The investigation was performed using questionnaire and physical examination. The air concentrations of DMAC in the workshops were monitored. The urine samples were collected and analyzed after work everyday or at the weekend. The correlation between the air concentrations of DMAC in the workshops and the concentrations of urinary NMAC were analyzed by regression. Results The air concentration of DMAC in the spinning workshop was higher than others. The morbidity of abnormal hepatic function was 12.4%, 61.1% of workers with abnormal hepatic function appeared in one year after exposure to DMAC in the spinning workshop. The concentrations of urinary NMAC were related to the air concentrations of DMAC in the workshops （r=0.44, P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The abnormal hepatic function was found in workers exposed to DMAC for short period. The concentration of urinary NMAC can serve as the exposure biomarker of DMAC.