2008—2009年青岛市居民饮用水水碘和盐碘及8～10岁儿童尿碘调查结果分析

Analysis of a survey on status of iodine content in drinking water, edible salt and urine of children aged 8 - 10 in Qingdao in 2008 - 2009

目的掌握青岛市实行村村通工程后的居民饮用水含碘量和盐碘以及8～10岁儿童尿碘情况，为政府决策提供依据。方法2008年3月至2009年7月，在青岛市范围内，采集12个区（市）的居民生活饮用水及水源水样，采集8～10岁儿童的尿样，用砷铈催化分光光度测定方法检测水样和尿样中含碘量；采集居民户食用盐盐样，用直接滴定法检测食用盐含碘量。结果共检测水样5067份，水含碘量中位数为7．35μg／L；共检测1182名8～10岁儿童尿样，尿碘范围为4．6～5995．3μg/L，中位数为200．6μg／L;检测居民户食用盐样3504份，非碘盐率为1．74％（61／3504），碘盐覆盖率为98．26％（3443／3504），合格碘盐食用率为96．32％（3375／3504）。结论青岛市仍属于环境缺碘地区，在推行食盐加碘政策下，青岛市居民的碘营养状况是适宜的。应该继续推行以食盐加碘为主预防碘缺乏病的综合防治措施。

Objectives To identify the status of iodine content in drinking water, edible salt and urine of children aged 8- 10 after implementing ＂every village＂ project in Qingdao for providing basic reference for government＇s decision-making. Methods From March 2008 to July 2009, residents＇ living and drinking water samples were collected in 12 districts and counties of Qingdao, and iodide content was measured by cerous sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry. Urine samples of children aged from 8 to 10 were collected, in which the iodide content was quantitative tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry. Samples of household edible salt were collected to determine iodide content by direct titration. Results A total of 5067 water samples were measured, the median iodine content of water was 7.35 μg/L. A total of 1182 urine samples of children aged 8 - 10 were tested, and the urinary iodine content ranged from 4.6 μg/L to 5995.3 μg/L with a median of 200.6 μg/L. Besides, 3504 household salt samples were tested, and the percentages of non-iodized salt, iodized salt and qualified iodized salt were 1.74% （61/3504）, 98.26% （3443/3504） and 96.32% （3375/3504）, respectively. Conclusions Qingdao is situated in environmental iodine deficient area, and the iodine nutritional status of residents is appropriate owing to the implementation of universal salt iodization policy in Qingdao region. Comprehensive prevention and control measures to iodine deficiency disorders, including marketing iodized salt, should be implemented continually. [ Key words