2005—2008年贵州省人间布鲁杆菌病监测结果分析

Analysis of surveillance results of Brucellosis in human being in Guizhou province from 2005 to 2008

目的分析贵州省人间布鲁杆菌病（简称布病）监测结果，了解相关人群布鲁杆菌感染现状，为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法2005—2008年，根据《布鲁杆菌病监测标准》（GB16885—1997），在贵州省选择花溪、乌当、兴义、独山、册亨、龙里、息烽、凯里和紫云等区（市、县）为监测点，选择畜牧业职业人群、农区接触家畜的农民和学生为监测对象，采用虎红平板凝集试验（RBPT）和试管凝集试验（SAT）检测布病抗体。结果2005—2008年贵州省布病抗体检出率为0．63％（37／5904），花溪、乌当、兴义和册亨等县（市、区）的布病抗体检出率分别为2．28％（19／832）、0．16％（2／1274）、1．84％（15／815）和0．14％（1／735）；畜牧业职业人群、农区接触家畜的人群、学生布病抗体检出率分别为1．29％（36／2800）、0．04％（1／2814）、0％（0／290）。布病抗体阳性者以奶牛养殖人员为主，占总感染人数的83．78％（31／37）。结论贵州省部分县（市、区）养殖奶牛、山羊的人群存在布鲁杆菌感染，直接接触病畜是人间布病主要的传播途径。加强对牲畜的检疫和及时处理染疫病畜是布病防治工作的关键。

Objective By analyzing the surveillance result of Brucellosis in human being of Guizhou province from 2005 to 2008, to understand the current situation of relevant population with brucella infection, and then to provide the basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods According to the ＂Brucella Disease Monitoring Standards＂ （GB 16885-1997）, in Guizhou province, Huaxi, Wudang, Xingyi, Dushan, Ceheng, Long Lane, Xifeng, Carey, Ziyun and so on other areas（city, county） were selected as monitoring points, and occupational groups of animal husbandry in agricultural areas, as well as farmers and students contacted with livestock were selected as monitoring subjects. Rose bengal plate agglutination test（RBPT） and tube agglutination test （SAT） were used to detect Brucellosis antibody. Results From 2005 to 2008, Brucellosis antibody detection rate was 0.63%（37/5904） in target groups of Guizhou province, specifically, the rates in Huaxi, Wudang, Xingyi and Ceheng counties （towns or districts ） were 2.28% （ 19/832）, 0. 16% （2/1274）, 1.84% （ 15/815 ） and 0.14% （1/735）, respectively; the rates in livestock workers, peasants and students contacted with livestock in rural areas were 1.29% （36/2800） , 0.04% （1/2814） and 0.00% （0/290） , respectively. In all antibody positive carriers, most were dairy cattle raisers which accounted for 83.78% （31/37） in the total infected persons. Conclusions Dairy cattle and goat raisers in some counties（towns or districts） of Guizhou province have infected Brucellosis, and direct contacts with brucella-carrying cattle is the major route of Brucellosis transmission in human being. Strengthen livestock quarantine and dispose infected livestock timely are the key of Brucellosis control.