流式细胞仪的原理、应用及最新进展

Principles,applications and latest developments of flow cytometer

流式细胞术是一种采用激光束激发单行流动的细胞,对它的散射光和携带的荧光进行探测,从而完成细胞分析和分选的技术。以流式细胞术为核心技术,流式细胞仪集光学、电子学、生物学、免疫学等多门学科和技术于一体,能够高效分析微小颗粒(如细胞,细菌)的先进科技设备。它对社会产生了深远的影响,成为了科学研究的必要工具。最近几年,流式细胞仪取得了长足进步。为了深入的了解它,本文从流式细胞仪的工作原理和技术指标,在临床医学、生物学、生殖学和制药学中的应用,以及它的世界格局、仪器功能的最新进展三方面,进行了简明、扼要的论述。展望未来:功能专业化、自动化,体积小型化,多色多参数分析能力提高和分析分选速度更快成为流式细胞仪发展的趋势。

Flow cytometry is a technology which can be used to do cell analysis and sorting from light scatter and fluorescent light generated fi＇om the cells when they pass through the laser light in line. Based on flow cytometry as the core technology, flow cytometer, integrating optics,electronics, biology, immunology,etc, is an advanced instrument for analyzing microparticles such as cells, bacteria with high efficiency. It has been a necessary tool for our scientific research and a great progess has been made on it in recent years. In order to get a better insight into it,we simply explain its principles and technical criteria; applications in clinical medicine, biolo- gy, reproductive medicine and pharmacology;its world situation and new advances. In the future, specialization,automation, miniaturiza- tion ,multi-color multi-parameter analysis and faster analysis and sorting will be trends for the flow cytometer.