不同栽培基质对彩色马蹄莲‘黑魔术’生长的影响

Influences of Different Culture Medium on Growth of Zantedeschia hybrida 'Black Magic'

为筛选出最适合彩色马蹄莲‘黑魔术’的栽培基质,以园土为对照,将泥炭土、珍珠岩、蛭石和河沙4种原料按不同比例混合组成新的基质进行栽培试验,同时测定不同基质的理化性质和‘黑魔术’的生长特性数据。结果表明,孔隙度65%～80%,pH5.0～6.7,营养均衡的基质最适合‘黑魔术’的生长。其中,栽培在泥炭土∶珍珠岩∶蛭石∶河沙=3∶1∶1∶1的处理D中的‘黑魔术’苗期最短,均值52.7天;蕾期最短,均值10.3天;单球开花数最大,达到2朵;是5个处理中开花率唯一超过50%的处理;花期最长,达到了均值31天;只是在花梗长度上略低于处理C,但也达到了60cm以上。所采用的4个处理因其理化性质差异较大,除了处理D表现突出外,其他处理则表现较差,有待进一步改进。

To select the best culture medium of Zantedeschia hybrida ＇ Black Magic ＇,orchard soil as control,four mediums that made of peat,perlite,vermiculite and sand in different volumetric proportions were tested.The physical and chemical properties and growth characteristics data of ＇ Black magic ＇ were measured.The results showed that the nutritionally balanced medium which porosity of between 65%-80% and pH between 5.0-6.7,was the best medium for ＇ Black Magic ＇.Seedling stage and bud stage of ＇ black magic ＇ cultivated in treatment D peat∶perlite∶vermiculite∶sand=3∶1∶1∶1 were the most shortest,means were 52.7 days and 10.3 days.Blooming date was the longest,reaching a mean of 31 days.Flower number of single corm reached a maximum of two.The author used four treatments,in addition to outstanding performance in treatment D,the other treatment with the poor performance,to be further improved.