鄂南棕红壤区施用石灰对桃树叶片的影响

Effects of Liming on Foliar of the Peach Tree in Brown-red Soil of South Hubei Province

以鄂南棕红壤区4年生'京春'水蜜桃(Amygdalus persica ‘Jingchun’)为试材,研究不同石灰用量翻施处理对桃树叶片养分和叶绿素含量的影响,并运用通径分析法进一步探讨施用石灰条件下叶片营养和叶绿素含量间的关系。结果表明,翻施石灰初期可以提高叶片Ca含量,降低叶片P、Zn含量。在整个生长季节,翻施石灰可以显著降低叶片Mn含量,而对Mg、Cu含量没有明显影响。低石灰用量处理可以提高叶片K、Fe含量,高石灰用量则对K、Fe的吸收表现出一定的抑制作用。并且,翻施石灰还可以提高4月、8月叶片的叶绿素含量,降低叶片生长中期(6月)的叶绿素含量。通径分析表明,施用石灰条件下应该在控制叶片P含量的同时,尽量提高Zn、N的含量,这样才有助于提高叶片的叶绿素含量。因此,在棕红壤区桃园施用石灰时配施一定量的Zn肥是有必要的。

In this paper,the 4-year-old peach tree （Amygdalus persica ＇ Jingchun ＇） in the orchard on brown-red soil of south Hubei Province was used as experimental materials.The foliar nutrient and chlorophyll contents of peach tree were studied,in which the different rates of lime （Ca（OH） 2） incorporated into the soil.Then path analysis was used to investigate the relationships between foliar nutrients and chlorophyll under the condition of liming.The results were as follows：The incorporated lime treatment can improve the content of foliar total Ca and reduce the contents of foliar total P and Zn during the initial stage.During the growing seasons of leaves,the content of total Mn was significantly reduced in the incorporated lime treatment,but there was no change for total Mg,Cu content.The contents of foliar total K,Fe were increased in low lime consumption treatment and decreased in high lime consumption treatment.In April and August,the content of leaves chlorophyll was increased in the incorporated lime treatment,but with low peak in June （the middle growth stage of leaves）.Path analysis indicated that it was beneficial to improve the content of leaves chlorophyll under the condition of liming based on controlled the content of foliar P,while improved the contents of foliar Zn and N.Therefore,it was very essential to combine with Zn fertilizer under the condition of liming in the peach orchard with brown-red soil.