基于元胞自动机理论的紧急人员疏散模拟

Emergency Evacuation Simulation Based on Cellular Automata Theory

基于元胞自动机原理,建立了紧急情况下人群疏散模型,并利用Visual Basic6.0开发了可视化模拟仿真程序.在疏散模拟的仿真实现中,为了简化算法,使用墙体和障碍物把复杂建筑平面分割成凸多边形区域,然后利用门道把各个凸多边形区域联系起来构成一个整体的疏散平面空间.利用程序对建筑设计方案进行人员疏散模拟,可以找出建筑方案出现严重拥堵现象的临界人数,以论证建筑布局是否符合安全设计要求,并为建筑布局的改进提供参考.

An emergency evacuation simulation model was constructed on the basis of cellular automata theory,and the corresponding visual simulation program was developed by using Visual Basic6.0.In order to simplify the algorithm in the implementation of evacuation simulation,walls and obstacles were used to divide the complex building plane into convex polygon regions,and then,doorways were used to link those regions to form a whole evacuation space.The program can be used for the evacuation simulation of buildings to figure out the critical number of occupants evacuated when serous congestion happens,so as to verify whether building layout satisfies the requirement of safety design standards,and therefore to improve the building layout.