玻纤滤膜废水对污水厂活性污泥系统的影响

Impact of Glass Fiber Membrane Wastewater on Activated Sludge System in WWTP

接纳高比例工业废水的城市污水处理厂通常会面临工业废水对生物处理系统的冲击问题。针对重庆市某大型玻纤滤膜生产企业废水对受纳的城市污水处理厂氧化沟系统的冲击问题,考察了该企业经处理后排放废水的水质特征及其对受纳污水厂氧化沟活性污泥系统的影响。结果表明:玻纤滤膜废水的pH值为1.88～2.24,SCOD为54～72 mg/L,SS为883～1 041 mg/L,BOD5/COD值为0.05～0.1。高比例的玻纤滤膜废水对污泥活性、沉降性能和生物相的影响显著。与未加入玻纤滤膜废水的城市污水相比,当加入比例增至30%时,活性污泥的耗氧速率(OUR)下降了约2 mgO2/(gMLVSS.h),SV30上升了4%,污泥的沉降性能开始变差;当玻纤滤膜废水比例增至75%时活性污泥的OUR<8 mgO2/(gMLVSS.h),污泥出现轻微中毒,SV30上升了12%,沉降性能明显恶化;比例增至90%时OUR为2 mgO2/(gMLVSS.h),SV30上升了20%,污泥严重中毒,无法形成清晰的泥水界面。当玻纤滤膜废水比例为30%时,活性污泥中的轮虫、钟虫明显减少,微生物菌落稀疏;比例大于90%时,活性污泥中的微生物基本失去活动能力。

High proportion of industrial wastewater may significantly impact the biological treatment system in WWTP. In order to solve the impact problem of industrial wastewater from a large-scale glass fiber membrane production enterprise in Chongqing City on oxidation ditch in WWTP, the wastewater quality characteristics and its influence on the activated sludge system were investigated. In the wastewater, pH is 1.88 to 2.24, SCOD is 54 to 72 mg/L, SS is 883 to 1 041 mg/L, and BOD5 COD is 0.05 to 0.1. High proportion of glass fiber membrane wastewater has a significant negative impact on the sludge activity, sludge settleability and biofacies. Compared with the wastewater without glass fiber membrane wastewater, when the proportion of the glass fiber membrane wastewater is 30%, sludge oxygen uptake rate （OUR） is decreased by 2 mgO2（gMLVSS ·h）, SV30 is increased by 4%, and the sludge settleability becomes poorer. When the proportion of the glass fiber membrane wastewater is 75 %, the sludge OUR is less than 8 mgO2（gMLVSS ·h）, indicating slight poison of the sludge, SV30 is increased by 12%, the sludge settleability begins to deteriorate. When the glass fiber membrane wastewater is 90% of the total wastewater, the sludge OUR value is only about 2 mgO2/（ gMLVSS ·h） and SV30 is increased by 20%, no clear interface between sludge and wastewater appears, which shows the sludge is severely poisoned. When the proportion of the glass fiber membrane wastewater is 30%, the numbers of rotifers and Vorticella in the sludge diminish significantly, and the microbial community is sparse. When this proportion exceeds 90%, the microorganisms in the studied sludge almost lose their action ability.