新型传统民居风环境研究——以云南彝族民居为例

Study on Wind Environment of New Type Traditional Dwelling Houses——Taking Yunnan Yi Minority Dwelling Houses as an Example

为了探求具有良好自然通风的传统民居形式,本文对云南彝族传统民居的室内、外空气温度和风速进行了实测;并利用CFD软件对其室内和院落的风环境进行了模拟,分析各建筑因素(院门的开启、院墙的高低、畜棚的位置及门窗的设置)对自然通风的影响。结果表明,合理设置窗户和百叶、增加通风槽、扩大正房厦子能有效提高室内的自然通风效果;合理调整附属建筑的位置、院落尺寸和院墙高低能改善院落的自然通风效果。在此基础上,提出了改进风环境的设计建议。

In this paper,in order to seek the optimal style of traditional dwelling houses with favorable natural ventilation,the indoor and outdoor temperatures and air velocities of Yunnan Yi minority dwelling houses were measured.And then,the wind environment of rooms and courtyards were simulated by the software of CFD,in which the effects of architectural factors on natural ventilation were analyzed,such as open-close status of courtyard doors,high-low conditions of courtyard walls,location of adjacent buildings and installation of doors and windows.The results indicated that rational setup of windows,louvers,vent gutters and enlarging eaves of main house could improve the indoor natural ventilation effect.Besides,reasonable adjustment of adjacent buildings＇ location,courtyards＇ size and walls＇ height could increase the natural ventilation effect of courtyards.Finally,the design suggestions for enhancing the wind environment were presented.