大襟岛海域中华白海豚栖息地重金属含量测定与评价

CONTENTS AND EVALUATION OF HEAVY METALS AT THE HABITAT OF INDO-PACIFIC HUMPBACK DOLPHIN FROM DAJIN ISLAND SEA AREA IN SOUTH CHINA SEA

分别对中华白海豚栖息地的海水、表层沉积物和生物(鱼类、甲壳类和软体类动物)体中的重金属含量进行测定与污染评价.结果表明,海洋生物对海水和沉积物中重金属有较强的富集能力,中华白海豚其肝脏中高浓度的重金属含量是通过食物链(网)而逐级积累的.栖息地中海水质量介于海水I类与II类水质之间,表层沉积物质量符合I类标准,3类不同类群生物的体内重金属含量也均低于海洋环境质量生物污染评价标准,表明本海域尚未受到重金属污染,环境质量基本符合中华白海豚的生存要求.大襟岛海域的重金属水平落在整个珠江口海区的低值区,这可能是中华白海豚选择大襟岛海域作为栖息地的一个重要原因.

Dajin Island sea area is one of habitats of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin.Concentrations of heavy metals in sea water,sediments and organisms（fish,crustacea and cephalopoda）at the habitat were analyzed.The results showed that the sea organisms have obvious enrichment to the heavy metals in coastal waters,high concentrations of heavy metals in the liver of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin is accumulated grade by grade in food chain.The environment quality of the habitat is evaluated.It is indicated that the water quality in this habitat is between the first and the second rank,sediment quality is the first rank,and the heavy metals in three kinds of organisms are all lower than the standard.It also indicated that the marine area hasn＇t been polluted by heavy metals.The environmental quality in this water area is fit to Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins＇ living.Heavy metals level at the Dajin Island waters is in the low value section of the Pearl River estuarine zoon,it may be an important reason of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins selecting this area as their habitat.