新疆库车县杏树流胶病发生危害的调查研究

Survey and Research on Occurrence and Damage of Apricot Tree Gummosis Disease in Kuche,Xinjiang

2010年7月对新疆库车县杏树流胶病发病情况进行了调查。结果表明,被调查杏园的田间平均发病率为95.6%,最高100%;平均病情指数为58.9,最高85.0。流胶主要有皮孔流胶和伤口流胶两大类型,其中伤口流胶又可分为机械损伤、虫口、树皮裂缝等情况,其所占比例因果园的具体情况不同而异。一般当年新出胶液随时间的延长颜色逐渐加深变褐色,由虫口流出的胶液初为透亮淡黄色最后变为白色。胶体质地逐渐变硬并出现龟裂,遇雨后变软;解剖流胶病斑组织,可见发病部位有不同程度的褐变腐烂,胶液由韧皮部和木质部间的形成层流出。

In July,2010,a survey about occurrence and damage of apricot gummosis disease was made in Kuche county,Xinjiang.The result showed that the average incidence of disease was 95.6%,the highest was 100% and the average index of disease was 58.9,the highest index was 85.0 in the field and apricot orchards.There are two main gummosis types,a lenticels and wonud gummosis,the latter was aroused by mechanical blemish,insect population and crack of tree bark et al.The proportion of the gummosis type was different because of the specific situation and management level of the orchard.With time going on,the colour of new glue in that very year was gradually deepening and the glue liquids from insect holes were bright yellow originally,and finally became white.The quality of the glue gradually became hard,there were bona-breakings on it.When the glues met with rain,they would turn to be soft.When dissecting gummosis scab organizations,there were browning rot of different degrees in ill parts and the glue liquid flew from formed laminar flow between phloem and xylem.