1903～1963年我国体育专业留学生在中国体育发展中的作用

Roles played by Chinese students majoring in physical education abroad between 1903 and 1962 in the sports development in China

对我国1903-1963年出国的180位体育专业留学生的信息进行全面分析。研究认为,体育专业留学生在中国体育发展进程中的作用主要体现在3个层面：在器物层面的作用主要是引介体育运动、创制场地器材和发展运动技术;在制度层面的作用主要体现在促进体育教育体制、运动竞赛体制和科学研究体制的发展;在思想层面的活动主要包括传播军国民体育思想和自然体育思想,倡导民族体育思想,参与体育思想的讨论与争鸣等。体育专业留学生是中国体育现代化发展进程中的先驱者。

The author performed a comprehensive analysis on the information regarding 180 Chinese students majoring in physical education abroad between 1903 and 1963,and concluded that the roles played by Chinese students majoring in physical education abroad in the course of sport development in China mainly embodied in 3 aspects： their functions in the material aspect were mainly to introduce sports events,to establish playgrounds and facilities,and to develop sports technologies;their functions in the system aspect mainly embodied in boosting the development of physical education systems,sports competition systems and scientific research systems;their activities in the ideology aspect mainly included spreading ideas about military and civilian sports and ideas about natural sports,advocating ideas about national sports,participating in discussing and debating ideas about physical education,etc.Chinese students majoring physical education abroad were the pioneers in the course of development of sports modernization in China.