我国女子长跑青少年运动员基础训练阶段赛前6周训练的结构特征

Structural characteristics of 6-week pre-game training for female teenager long distance runners in China at the basic training stage

对我国女子长跑青少年运动员基础训练阶段赛前6周训练结构特征进行研究,结果表明:技术、速度和力量训练比例较低,训练内容多样化程度不高,缺乏协调能力训练的专门安排,准备和整理活动管理监督状况较差,而且训练的高负荷、高度专项化导致有氧训练严重不足,有氧和无氧(混氧)比例失衡和倒置,最终造成训练效益不高,以及较为严重的早期专项化。

By means of case study and empirical study,the authors investigated and studied the structural characteristics of 6-week pre-game training for female teenage long distance runners in China at the basic training stage,and revealed the following findings： the proportions of technique,speed and strength training were relatively small;training contents were not di-versified;there was a lack of dedicated arrangements for coordinating capacity training;the conditions of warming up activity and finishing activity management and monitoring were poor;high load training and highly event specific training resulted in the serious insufficiency of aerobic training as well as unbalanced and inverted aerobic and anaerobic（or mixed） training proportions,which ultimately resulted in a poor training effect and serious early event specialization.