膝关节置换术后患者早期夹管和冰敷的护理

Nursing of Early Pinch and Ice Compress in Postoperative Total Knee Replacement

目的探讨膝关节置换术后患者早期夹管和冰敷的护理方法。方法选择2009年1月至2011年4月在温州医学院附属第一医院骨科行单膝关节置换手术患者35例为研究对象,按入院先后将其分为观察组和对照组。观察组患者35例,在常规处理的基础上采取早期夹闭引流管和冰敷等措施;而对照组患者20例行常规处理,即置管持续引流。观察两组患者术后引流量、疼痛程度和肿胀情况。结果观察组患者术后6、12、24、48h切口引流量明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且患者术后24、48h疼痛评分和肿胀值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组患者术后均未出现严重并发症,痊愈出院。结论 早期夹管和冰敷能有效减少人工全膝关节置换术术后出血,减轻疼痛和肿胀,具有较好的临床应用价值。

Objective To explore the nursing methods for early pinch and the ice compress in postoperative total knee replacement patients.Methods From January 2009 to April 2011,35 patients with knee replacement surgery in the hospital were divided into experimental group（N=35） and control group（N=20） based on the admission sequence.The patients in the control group were treated with the conventional treatment of continuous indwelling drainage.The patients in the experimental group were treated with early pinch and the ice compress in addition to the conventional treatment.Close observation was conducted on the postoperative drainage volume,the degree of pain and the value of swelling between the two groups.Results The drainage volume at 6,12,24 and 48 h in the experimental group were less than those in the control group（P〈0.01）.The pain scores at 24 h、48 h and the value of swelling in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group（P〈0.01）.No serious postoperative complications occurred in both groups and all patients were discharged.Conclusion Early pinch and ice compress can reduce the bleeding,pain and swelling after total knee replacement,which deserves further clinical application.