新中国17年中小学教研组的职能与性质初探

Exploration of the Function and Character of Teaching and Research Groups of Primary and Secondary Schools in 17 Years since 1949

教研组是新中国建立后学习苏联教学管理模式的结果。它的成立为社会主义中国教学模式的建立,规范性、计划性教学的实施,以及在师资整体质量不高的情况下基本教学质量的确保,中小学教师的专业发展方面奠定了重要的基础。但它却不是一个单一的行政组织或学习型组织,是一个集行政管理、教学研究、专业学习、党派组织等职能为一身的复杂的混合体,其成就和问题也均源于这一特质。

Teaching Learning Groups in primary and secondary schools in China were outcomes learning from USSA. It made great success to build teaching model for socialism China, to carry normative and planning teaching into execution, to ensure basic quality of teaching when the quality of teachers was not enough, and to improve teacher＇ s professional development. What was its character？ It was not only administrative organization or learning organization but a mixed organization which had the character of administration, teaching, professional learning and political parties. Both its success and problem came from this character.