短暂性脑缺血发作与颈动脉粥样硬化等相关因素的临床分析

Clinical analysis of transient ischemic attack and correlation factors such as carotid artery atherosclerosis

目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)与颈动脉粥样硬化等相关因素的关系。方法选择TIA患者89例,并随机选择同期进行健康体检的中老年人120例作为对照组,进行颈动脉超声检查,观察颈动脉内-中膜厚度及动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生情况;检测血糖、血脂、血压、体质量指数等指标,分析TIA与颈动脉病变及各项检测值的相关性。结果 TIA组颈动脉内-中膜厚度,粥样硬化斑块检出率,血压、血脂及血糖水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.001或0.05)。高血压病及糖尿病患病率,TIA组均明显高于对照组(P均<0.01)。结论颈动脉粥样硬化、高血压、高血糖是导致TIA的重要危险因素,血脂异常是促动脉粥样硬化的重要因素。早期发现和防治TIA患者的动脉粥样硬化和高危因素,可有效防止TIA向缺血性卒中的转化。

Objective It is to approach the relationship of transient ischemic attack（TIA） and the correlation factors such as carotid artery atherosclerosis.Methods Eighty-nine TIA patients treated in our community health service center from March 2007 to June 2010 were chosen as TIA group,and 120 old people had medical examinations at the same time were randomly chosen as control group.The two groups were taken the ultrasonic inspection.The carotid intima-media thickness and the occurrence of the atherosclerotic plaques were observed.The indexes of blood glucose,blood lipids,blood pressure and body mass were detected.The relationships of TIA with carotid artery disease and the detection values were analyzed.Results The carotid intima-media thickness,the detection rate of the atherosclerotic plaques and the levels of blood pressure,blood lipids and blood glucose in TIA group were all obviously higher than those in control group（P0.001 or 0.05）.The occurrence rates of hypertensive disease and diabetes mellitus in TIA group were both obviously higher than those in control group（both P0.001）.Conclusion Carotid artery atherosclerosis,hypertension and hyperglycaemia are important risk factors of leading TIA.Dyslipidemia is important factors of promoting atherosclerosis.Earlier detection and prevention of atherosclerosis and other risk factors of TIA patients can effectively avoid the conversion of the ischemic stroke.