基于危险源的事故致因机理及两极化管理

Accident Causation Mechanism and Polarized Management Based on Hazards

为提升安全风险预控的水平和有效性,探讨危险源的事故致因机理及其两极化管理思路。将危险源划分为3类,即根源危险源、理论状态危险源和实际状态危险源,其中理论状态危险源又可细分为已辨识状态危险源和未辨识状态危险源。构建危险源的事故致因机理模型,模型表明:控制失效的实际状态危险源和未辨识状态危险源是事故发生的2个主要致因。在此基础上,提出危险源的两极化管理思路,构建危险源两极化管理的实施流程。研究结论表明:企业应从两方面实施安全风险预控,即加强对实际状态危险源的控制,使其演变为事故致因的概率极小化;加强对根源危险源和理论状态危险源的辨识,做到辨识极大化。

In order to improve the effectiveness of risk pre-control in coal mine,accident causation mechanism and polarized management based on hazards are discussed.Hazards are divided into three types which include origin hazards,theoretical status hazards and actual status hazards.Theoretical status hazards can be subdivided into identified and unidentified status hazards.An accident causation model based on hazards is constructed,which shows that actual status hazards out of control and unidentified status hazards are two main factors causing accidents.And polarized management of hazards and its procedure are put forward.The results indicate that enterprise should enforce risk pre-control from two aspects.On the one hand,actual status hazards should be strictly controlled,on the other,origin hazards and theoretical status hazards should be full identified.