亚微米钨基含钪扩散阴极的性能研究

A Novel of The Performance of Submicron Tungsten Matrix Scandium Dispenser Cathode

研究了具有超细微观基体结构的含钪扩散阴极的性能。采用溶胶-凝胶的方法来制备阴极基体粉末,通过改善阴极基体粉末的均匀性从而改善浸渍后阴极表面的均匀性。研究表明,通过对基体粉末的压制及烧结工艺的控制,能够获得具有合适孔度的亚微米结构的多孔钨基。浸渍发射活性物质即钪酸盐后,得到含钪扩散阴极。阴极的孔度及浸渍率可以达到实验及常规生产中要求的水平。发射测试结果表明,阴极在相同的测试温度下的发射水平明显高于普通基体结构的浸渍式钪酸盐阴极。且在1000℃时,亚微米基含钪扩散阴极测得的最高测试电流密度为62.95A/cm2(未测到拐点)。

The performance of scandium dispenser cathode which has superfine microstructure is studied in this paper.The powder of cathode matrix is produced using the method of Sol-gel which can improve the homogenization of the surface of impregnation cathode by improving the homogenization of the cathode matrix powder.The study shows that the porous tungsten matrix which has suitable porosity can be acquired by controlling the arts and crafts of matrix powder pressing and matrix sinter.The porosity and pickup of the scandium dispenser cathode which reactive substance（scandate） is impregnated can reach the requirement both in test and conventional manufacture.The results of the emission test show that the emission level of scandium dispenser cathode which has superfine microstructure is apparently higher than that of common dispenser cathode at the same temperature.The highest emission current density of scandium dispenser cathode built upon a submicron tungsten matrix reached to 62.95 A/cm2 at 1000℃（knee point not measured yet）.