从意动到形质:重评威塔塞克的心理学思想

From the Act to Form-Quality: the Reevaluation on Witasek's Psychological Thoughts

史蒂芬.威塔塞克是奥地利的心理学家和美学家,也是格拉茨学派的重要成员之一。由于种种原因,其对心理学的卓越功绩被湮没在历史尘埃之中。通过对形质心理学产生背景以及威塔塞克生平与贡献的介绍,从形质与意动的关系、具体形质观两个方面详细考证并反思了威塔塞克的心理学思想。从中可以发现,威塔塞克的心理学思想既与布伦塔诺、迈农在学术体系上一脉相承,又对其作出了拓展、深化与创新,因此有必要恢复其在心理学史上的应有地位。

Stephan Witasek,an Austrian psychologist and aesthetician,was also an important member of Graz School.Due to various reasons,his distinguished contributions to psychology were ever historically neglected for a long term.In this paper,by introducing the background of form-quality psychology,the life and academic contributions of Witasek,we made a textual research on his psychological thought in two aspects.The first one was the relationship of act and form-quality,and the second one was his view of specific form-quality.In the end,we concluded that his psychological thoughts were in line with Brentano and Meinong's thoughts,and that he also made development,deepening and innovation for them.So,reinstating Witasek's position in the history of psychology is sorely needed.