玩具数量对3～6岁幼儿分享行为的影响

The Effect of Toy Quantity on Sharing Behavior of 3—6 Year-old Children

为了用实验的方法探讨玩具数量对3～6岁幼儿分享行为的影响,选取了某幼儿园小、中、大班各30名幼儿,将各年龄班的幼儿随机分成人数相等的三组,三组进行游戏时玩具的数量不等,即分别为玩具数量多于、等于和少于小组人数。结果表明:小班、大班的幼儿都表现出当玩具数量少于人数时,幼儿做出分享行为的人数明显多于玩具数量等于和多于幼儿人数的情况。但中班幼儿面对不同数量玩具时的分享行为差异不显著。另外,当玩具数量等于人数时,表现出了明显的年级差异,大班幼儿做出分享行为的人数显著多于小班和中班幼儿。当玩具数量多于人数或少于人数时,不同年级幼儿的分享行为差异不显著。本研究的结论是:玩具数量是影响分享行为的因素之一,随着玩具数量的减少,幼儿的分享行为在增加。

The study investigates the effect of toys' quantity on 3—6 years old children's sharing behavior through an experiment.Thirty children were selected as subjects in each grade from a kindergarten in Nanjing.They were divided into three groups randomly,with 10 children in each group.Toy quantity was more than children quantity(25 toys) in Group 1;Toy quantity was equal to children quantity(10 toys) in Group 2;Toy quantity was much less than children quantity(1 toy) in Group 3.The results are: No matter in the primary class or in the senior class,the number of children sharing toys with peers in Group 3 than Group 2 and Group 1.However,the children in junior class didn't have significance difference in reactions when the toy quantity varied.In addition,when the toy quantity was equal to the children's quantity,there were obvious grade differences: more children in senior class shared toys with peers than the children in primary and junior class.However,when the toys' quantity was more or less than the children's quantity(too little or too much),the difference of the children's sharing behavior in different grades was not remarkable.The study draws the following conclusion: the toys' quantity was one of the influential factors of children sharing behavior.With the toy quantity decreasing,children sharing behavior increases.