略论西塞罗的政体理论

On Cicero's Theory of Governmental System

古罗马政治家西塞罗对君主政体、贵族政体和民主政体的利弊进行分析,在吸取前人的政体思想精髓以及罗马共和国的政治实践经验的基础上,提出了混合政体的理论。他所倡导的混合政体,是综合了前述三种政体的优点、摒弃了其缺点的共和政体。他的政体理论是古罗马政治实践的总结,对西方后世的政治制度发展产生了重要影响。

As an ancient Roman Statesman, Cicero analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of monarchy system, aristocratic system and democratic system respectively, and advanced a theory of mixed governmental system based on the quintessence of predecessor s＇ thoughts on governmental system and political practice of Roman republic. The mixed governmental system he proposed synthesized the advantages and meanwhile rid the defects of previous three governmental systems. His theory of governmental system was a summation of political practice of ancient Rome. which nosed significant influence to afterwards development of political system in the west.