刈割方式对紫花苜蓿生物量和粗蛋白含量的影响

Effect of Cutting Way on the Yield and the Crude Protein Content of Alfalfa (Medicigo sativa L.)

紫花苜蓿(Medicigo sativa L.)是重要的豆科牧草,刈割是利用紫花苜蓿的关键技术措施之一。本文以在云贵高原热带和亚热带地区表现优异的7个紫花苜蓿品种为研究对象,分析了不同刈割处理对紫花苜蓿品种产草量和粗蛋白含量的影响。结果表明:刈割处理对紫花苜蓿不同品种的鲜草产量、干草产量及粗蛋白含量均有显著的影响。14号品种(1085)在45 cm的刈割方式下鲜草产量最高,达到了86 400 kg/hm2,且显著高于30 cm刈割和孕蕾期刈割(P<0.05);同一刈割处理下,不同的品种之间产草量和粗蛋白含量也存在显著的差异(P<0.05),45cm刈割处理时,14号品种(1085)的鲜草产量显著高于其余6个紫花苜蓿品种(P<0.05),而粗蛋白含量则是16号品种(1075)的最高,且显著高于其余6个紫花苜蓿品种(P<0.05)。不同刈割处理对参试的紫花苜蓿品种产草量和粗蛋白含量分析,表明在45 cm刈割方式下,苜蓿的产草量,粗蛋白含量和粗蛋白产量最高,故云贵高原热带和亚热带地区苜蓿生产的最适宜刈割高度是45 cm。

Abstract： Alfalfa （Medicago sativa L. ） is an extremely important legume forage cultivar in the world, While cutting way of alfalfa is one important factor effecting on its yield and quality. In this paper, seven alfalfa cultivars with excellent quality from the torrid and subtropical zone of Yun-Gui Plateau as materials were investigated. We compared the fresh yield, dry yield, crude protein content and crude protein yield of cultivars in different cutting ways. The results showed that there was significant effect on the yield and crude protein content of Medicago sativa L. among different cutting ways. Basically, the fresh yield of cutting way of 45 cm of No. 14 （ 1085 ） was the highest （ 86 400 kg/hm2 ） and significantly higher than the cutting way of 30 cm and bud stage （P 〈 0.05 ）. In the same cutting way, the yield and the crude protein were significantly difference in different cultivars （P 〈 0. 05 ）. In cutting way of 45 cm, the fresh yield of No. 14 （ 1085 ） was significantly higher than other cuhivars （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and the crude protein content of No. 16 （ 1075 ） was the hightest and significantly higher than other cultivars （ P 〈 0. 05）. As the yield and crude protein content of alfalfa in different cutting ways, the cutting way of 45cm was the best one in the torrid and subtropical zone of Yun-Gui Plateau.