云南茶树种质资源形态性状多样性分析

Morphological Diversity Analysis of Tea Germplasm Resources in Yunnan

选用19个形态形状对112份茶树种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,结果表明:云南茶树种质资源具有丰富的形态多样性,质量性状多样性指数平均为1.038,数量性状变异系数平均为22.11%。通过主成分分析,将19个性状综合为6个主成分,前6个主成分的累积贡献率达74.419%,即叶背茸毛、芽叶茸毛、芽叶色泽、叶片大小、花瓣数、柱头开裂数和子房茸毛等7个性状是其形态分化的主要指标。基于形态性状的聚类分析把112份材料聚为4大类,第Ⅰ类包括茶(Camellia sinensis)和普洱茶(C.sinensis var.assamica),第Ⅱ类为白毛茶(C.sinensis var.pubilimba),第Ⅲ类包括大理茶(C.taliensis)和厚轴茶(C.crassicolumna),第Ⅳ类为秃房茶(C.gymnogyna)。

Based on 19 morphological traits, genetic diversity analysis of 112 accessions of germplasm resources in Section Thea of Camellia was conducted. The results showed that the morphological diversity was abundant of the tea germplasm resources in Yunnan. The average diversity index of qualitative trait was 1. 038, and the average variation coefficient of quantitative trait was 22. 11%. Principal com- ponent analysis showed that the 19 traits were integrated into 6 principal components, and their accu- mulative contribution ratio amounted to 74. 419%. These characteristics consisted of leaf hairiness-un- derside, young shoot pubescence, young shoot color, leaf size, number of petals, number of style splitting and ovary pubescence are main index which morphological differentiation of Section Thea. Based on the morphological data, the 112 accessions were clustered into 4 groups： the group I included Camellia sinensis and C. sinensis var. assamica ; the group 1I covered C. sinensis var. pubilimba; the group m included C. taliensis and C. crassicolumna; and the group 1V was C. gymnogyna.