论“徇私”类渎职犯罪的主观要件之修改与完善——以徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪为角度

On the modification and improvement of the subjective element of "favoritism" crime of dereliction of duty——By the angle of refusing to hand over criminal cases for favoritism

间接故意的认识因素是明知危害结果可能发生也可能不发生,而徇私类犯罪的认识因素要求必须是明知结果必然发生,以实现犯罪目的。故间接故意不能成为徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪的主观要件。但若将"徇私"认定为徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪的构成要件,将导致处罚范围不当缩小,增加查办难度,放纵渎职犯罪。因此作者认为,应当在刑法修订时,将"徇私"动机删除。对徇私的"私"的限制性解释,与刑法所保护的法益相矛盾。而且徇单位、集体之私实施渎职行为的,根本不是由于法律素质、政策水平和技术能力不高的缘故。所以,徇私的"私"应回归其本意。

The indirectly intentional understanding factor knows that harm results may occur or may not occur,but crime of favoritism requires the understanding factor must know that the result must occur in order to achieve the criminal purpose. Therefore,indirect intention can not be the subjective element of the crime of refusing to hand over criminal cases.However, if the ＂favoritism＂ identified as elements of the crime of refusing to hand over criminal cases,will improperly narrow the scope of punishment,increase the difficulty of investigating and indulgence dereliction of duty.Therefore the author believes that criminal law should be revised to delete the motivation of ＂favoritism＂. The restrictive interpretation of the ＂ private＂ in favoritism is contradictory to the legal interests protected by the criminal law.And much favoritism is not due to the low legal quality,policy level and technical capacity.Therefore,the ＂private＂ of the favoritism should return to its original intent.