湖南油茶林丛枝菌根真菌多样性及其群落结构特征

Diversity and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Camellia oleifera stands in Hunan

从攸县、浏阳、邵阳等油茶林样地共分离出3属8种丛枝菌根(AM)真菌,即球囊霉属Glomus 5种、无梗囊霉属Acaulospora2种和盾巨孢囊霉属Scutellospora1种。其中球囊霉属摩西球囊霉Glomus mosseae的孢子密度、分离频度、相对多度和重要值均最高,为湖南省油茶林AM真菌优势属种。各油茶林样地AM真菌孢子密度平均为16个/50g土。植物数量与孢子密度(r=0.72,P<0.01)、植物种的丰富度与AM真菌种的丰富度(r=0.79,P<0.01)以及植物种的丰富度与AM真菌孢子密度(r=0.69,P<0.01)均呈极显著正相关关系。土壤因子对AM真菌的生态多样性的影响顺序为:土壤有机质>氮含量>pH值>速效磷。

Eight species of arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM） fungi were isolated in the rhizospheric soil of Camellia oleifera stands,of these five were Glomus,two were Acaulopora and one was Scutellospora.Glomus mosseae showed the highest spore density,distribution frequency,relative abundance and importance value,being the dominant genus and species in Hunan Camellia oleifera stands,respectively.The average AM fungi spore density was 16 spores in per 50 grams soil.There were significantly positive correlationship between plant quantities and spore density（r=0.72,P0.01）,plant species richness and AM fungal species richness（r=0.79,P0.01）,plant species richness and spore density of AM fungi（r=0.69,P0.01）.The order of effects of soil factors on ecological diversity of AM fungi was： organic matter total N pH value available P.