开封地区急性脑血管病与季节气候关联性研究

The observetion of the relevance between seasonal climate and acute cerebrovascular disease in KaiFeng Area

目的 观察急性脑血管病与季节气候的相关性,以期在急性脑血管疾病的高发期进行预报,使人们做好防护,降低急性脑血管病的发病率和死亡率.方法 将开封地区2008年1月～2011年9月收治的急性脑血管患者按季节进行分类计数,运用卡方检验不同的季节和气候因素条件下脑血管病发病率及不同年龄段发病率.一年按春、夏、秋、冬四个季节划分,12、1、2月为冬季,3、4、5月为春季,6、7、8月为夏季,9、10、11月为秋季.年龄段划分：30～80岁以上,10岁为1个年龄段,共划分6个年龄组.结果 不同季节脑血管病发病率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,其中冬季和夏季发病率高,冬季与春季比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;夏季与秋季相比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;冬季发病率高于夏季发病率,但无明显的统计学意义（P＞0.05）.春、秋季节脑血管病发病率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.从年龄分布来看,不同年龄脑血管病发病率有显著差异（P＜0.01）,其中51岁～60岁是脑出血高发年龄段（P＜0.05）;71岁～80岁是脑梗死高发年龄段（P＜0.05）.结论 开封地区急性脑血管病发病与季节气温有一定的相关性,急性脑血管病在冬季和夏季发病率高,脑出血受季节气候变换因素影响更大.人们要注意适应季节气候变化,冬天注意保暖,夏天多饮水,养成良好生活习惯,并注意基础病的治疗.

Objective To observe the relevance between seasonal climate and acute cerebrovascular disease and then forecast the disease in the high incidence, so that people can do a good protection to reduce the incidence of acute ccrebrovaseular disease and mortality. Methods Cases were classified according to the season count, the incidences of cerebrovascular disease in different seasons and climatic factors were tested by cbi - square test. Year was divided into four seasons, 12,1,2 for winter, 3,4,5 for spring, 6,7,8 of summer,9,10,11 for autumn. Age division： 30 years old to 80 years old was divided into six age groups by 10 years of a segment. Result The cerebrovascular disease incidences was significantly different in dif- ferent seasons（ P 〈0. O1 ）. Acute cerebrovascular disease incidences in the winter and summer were higher than in other sea- sons（ P 〈 O. O1 ）. There was statistically significant between winter and spring＇s disease incidences, summer and autumn＇s disease incidences（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Acuie cerebrovascular disease incidences in the winter was higher than in summer, but there was no statistically significant（P 〉 0. 05）. There was no significant between summer and autmnn＇s acute cerebrovascular disease incidences（P 〉0. 05 ）. From the age distribution, 51 - 60 years of age was a high incidence of age, and more patients with cerebral hemorrhage （ P 〈 O. 05 ）, 71 - 80 years old for another high age, more patients with cerebral infarction and multiple infarct （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion There is some relevance between the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease and seasonal temperatures in kaifeng. People should pay attention to dapt to seasonal climate change,keep warm in winter and drink more water summer, develop good habits and pay attention to based disease treatment.