摘要
为了高效利用氮肥,通过2005—2007年定位试验,应用氮素实时监控技术研究小麦最佳施氮量。结果表明,推荐的施氮量与农户习惯施氮量相比,氮肥的施用量大幅减少,3年累积节约氮肥投入903kg/hm2。由于该技术实现了氮肥供应与小麦需求的同步,因此,产量较农户习惯施氮增加6.1%,收益增加1833元/hm2,同时,氮肥的利用效率、农学利用率以及偏生产率显著提高,而土体硝态氮的累积与淋洗则大幅下降。小麦应用氮素实时监控技术,可以实现产量增加、养分效率提高及生态环境保护的协调一致。
Winter wheat is the main crops in Southern Shanxi,excess nitrogen（N） fertilizer application to this system is a common problem.Three-year filed experiment was conducted by applying real-time N management in Libu Village of Hongdong County,Shanxi Province.The results of this study clearly showed that optimal N rates were significantly lower than farmer＇s practice.The amounts of 3-year accumulative saving N fertilizer were 903 kg/hm 2.Compared with farmer＇s practice,the grain yield of optimal N rate increased by 6.1%,and the incomes 1833 yuan/hm 2,due to synchronizing N supply from soil and fertilizer,and N demand of winter wheat.In addition,the N recovery efficiency,N agronomic efficiency,and N partial factor productivity of optimal N treatment were improved and the nitrate accumulation and leaching were significantly reduced.Therefore,it is preliminarily conclude that application of real-time N management can realize the synchronization of grain yield increase,N efficiency improvement and environment protection.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第27期195-199,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助"农作物最佳养分管理技术研究与应用"(201103003)
科技部国际科技合作项目"山西省农业主产区水肥优化管理技术体系的建立与应用推广"(2008DFA90800)
山西省科技攻关项目"山西省高水肥农田土壤养分资源综合管理技术研究"(20090311024)
关键词
氮肥监控技术
冬小麦
产量
养分效率
real-time N management
winter wheat
grain yield
N efficiency
